China are becoming one of the fastest new adopters of building information modelling (BIM). Here we take a look at three of their highest profile BIM projects to date, and explore what those examples mean for the nation’s vast construction industry. 3 – SHANGHAI DISNEYLAND RESORT, SHANGHAI First up is Disney’s latest USD $4.1BN resort, set to open in June 2016. Led by the Walt Disney Imagineering (WDI) team, the Shanghai park offered a great opportunity to integrate and apply BIM on a portfolio scale. Over 70%* of the buildings were developed in a BIM environment, with efficiencies realised from running numerous projects concurrently. The benefit of co-location meant that project teams could access the same resources and support, collaborating and sharing knowledge within an ‘eco-system’ of BIM-enabled projects. “Over 70% of the park’s buildings were developed in a BIM environment” A further benefit of using BIM on a project of this scale was to help integrate WDI with over 140 different disciplines involved in the project, including many local design firms and contractors. This led to the number of Requests for Information (RFIs) raised at tendering stage in one of the park’s areas being significantly reduced. Instead of WDI’s average 3,000 RFIs, they received just 360*. 2 – PHOENIX MEDIA CENTRE, BEIJING Phoenix Television’s new 65,000 square meter headquarters in Beijing is completely unique. The building’s non-linear form – developed by the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD) – demanded an advanced approach from the project team and originally led them down the path of detailed 3D modelling. 
Phoenix Media Centre's unique form taking shape. Image courtesy of BIAD UFO. Quickly seeing the benefits of integrating non-graphical information and sharing it in a common data environment (CDE), the team progressed to working in a BIM environment and cite that process as key to mitigating a number of risks, saving time and increasing quality compared to more traditional methods. That being so, the project team are the first to admit that they struggled initially against long established drafting conventions and deliverables. They were forced to concurrently research and develop numerous unconventional workflows to provide data interoperability and seamless information exchanges. 
Section of the new Phoenix Media Centre. Image courtesy of BIAD UFO. The result is an iconic structure on Beijing’s skyline and a powerful information model that can be relied upon for facilities management scheduling and analysis. The building’s security, safety controls, energy consumption and FM activities are all built upon data from the information model that was provided at handover. 1 – SHANGHAI TOWER, SHANGHAI Standing tall at number one on our list is the 128-storey Shanghai Tower. Developed on a former golf course site, the USD $2.4BN, 632m structure is China’s new tallest building and the jewel in the crown of their financial centre. US architectural practice Gensler led the design-team and worked in BIM environment from the outset. 
At 632m, Shanghai Tower is the tallest building in China. The process of BIM implementation on the project was overseen by a core team of just three people who monitored its impact on overall delivery and schedule conformance. Increased control and mitigation of rework contributed to a reduced construction schedule of just 73 months for the 576,000 square meters of floor space, about 30% faster than similar structures*. 
An early image of Shanghai Tower under construction, courtesy of Gensler. Integrated working and improved collaboration were also cited as key benefits of the BIM process. San Francisco based Gensler – leading an extended team of structural and service designers around the world – shared their information models in a common data environment (CDE), enabling all parties to communicate within the virtual context of the project. Graphically, the tower’s twisting outer skin would have been near impossible to convey with 2D techniques and the team saw considerable benefit from being able to visualise and understand their project and its surroundings in three-dimensional form. WHAT DO THESE PROJECTS MEAN FOR BIM IN CHINA? China’s construction industry is vast. It was valued at USD $2TN in early 2015**, though fluctuations in their economy in the 12 months since should be noted. Projects of the scale and impact that we have shown in this video are great influencers for wider BIM adoption across the country. The Chinese central Government are drawn to BIM by the efficiencies it offers. They have witnessed overseas examples from the UK, US and other nations, and have benefitted from that expertise. “Projects of this scale and impact are great influencers for wider BIM adoption across China” Like many Governments though, they have not gone as far as mandating BIM. They simply encourage it. In a vast provincial nation like China, that approach has bred fragmentation and many regional authorities have developed their own standards and mandates, all differing from those of their neighbours. As with other markets, the challenges to BIM adoption on the ground are almost purely cultural. The Chinese industry focuses very keenly on the capital cost of delivery and there is a reluctance to make the early time and software investments that BIM requires. Compounding matters, Chinese designers are typically paid on the number of drawings they produce and the idea of creating just one information model somewhat horrifies them. For all the barriers faced (which we’re sure will sound familiar to our viewers in other markets) BIM is being met with a high degree of enthusiasm in China. The general trend is towards BIM adoption and at a much faster rate than markets like the UK have experienced. Recent research by Dodge Data and Analytics found that BIM use amongst Chinese Architects is expected to increase by 89% in the next two years, and by some 108% amongst Contractors. “As with other markets, the challenges to BIM adoption on the ground are almost purely cultural” To some extent the UK had the challenge of finding its feet with BIM with few other nations to look to. Other markets are benefitting from the learning and guidance that the UK have developed, building on that foundation to implement at a faster rate, even if that implementation is sometimes more fragmented. |
3 条回帖
| 英国B1M网站近日发表了一篇名为”Top 3 BIM Projects in China"的文章，并配之以视频，介绍了他们眼里中国前三名的BIM项目及对中国的BIM市场们进行了解读。 以下为掌上土木整理的中文翻译版本 中国三大BIM项目 中国已经是发展应用BIM最快的国家之一，下面我们来了解下近日中国三大BIM项目，并由此对这个国家巨大的建筑产业探一下究竟。 第三名——上海迪斯尼乐园 首先是将于2016年6月开张的，耗资41亿美元的最新的一个迪斯尼乐园，鉴于迪斯尼团队的要求，上海主题公园在投资组合上就提供了大量的机会给予了BIM应用。 迪斯尼乐园超过70%的项目建设都基于BIM环境，使得同时开展这些大型项目提升了效率。协同工作的项目团队得以利用BIM这种“生态系统”共享资源、技术支持、合作机制及知识分享从而获益。 “超过70%的项目建设都基于BIM环境” 以迪斯尼乐园这类尺度的项目应用BIM还有一个好处是帮助迪斯尼管理团队有效整合项目各个参与方以及由此涉及到到140多个不同的专业领域。这也使得上海主题乐园在投标阶段时就大幅度减少了设计变更，通常情况下迪斯尼管理团队遇到类型项目的设计变更数量平均为3000个，而在该项目中只有360个。 第二名——北京凤凰传媒中心 凤凰卫视这座6.5万平米的新总部在北京绝对是独一无二的，该建筑型体是非线性的——设计深化由北京院完成——迫使项目团队寻求全新的工作方法以及后续的更详细的3D模型。 显而易见的好处是整合各类非图形信息并且将其分享在一个“共同数据环境”中，与传统的工作流程相对比，项目团队基于这样的BIM环境下进行工作，可以削减了不少风险，节约时间的同时还提高了工程质量。 既然如此，项目团队还是认为首要的困难是来自于长久形成的制图习惯与交付模式的挑战，他们必须迫使自己同时研究并发展很多非常规的工作流程，以便提供数据的互操作性与无缝的信息交互。 最终，一个地标性的建筑出现在北京的天际线上，而一个可以在运维阶段进行FM调度与分析的强大信息模型也被创建了。整个楼宇的安保控制，能耗等FM数据要素均被整合进信息模型，在竣工时交付给了业主。 第一名——上海中心 名列榜首的是128层的摩天楼——上海中心。 这栋造价达24亿美金的摩天大厦是在原浦东高尔夫球场的场地上开发的，目前以632米的高度雄踞中国第一高楼，并且成为了陆家嘴金融区这个皇冠上的明珠。主持该方案设计的美国建筑设计事务所Gensler一开始就在BIM环境下进行工作。 整个BIM实施过程管控的核心团队只有三个人，他们负责监督整体项目交付以及进度一致性。管控力的加强与重复性工作的减少使得上海中心的施工进度上只花了73个月就完成了57.6万平米的楼面空间的建设，对比类似项目工期加快了30%。 整合式工作与促进合作通常都被视为BIM流程的核心优势。总部设在旧金山的Gensler事务所——领导这个包含结构与楼宇设施服务专家的国际化团队——在“共同数据环境”中共享信息模型，使得各个参与方都能在虚拟条件下进行有效沟通交流。就图形来看，上海中心那扭转的建筑外表皮几乎无法用2D图纸来表达，但项目团队却可通过可视化的3D模型来更好的理解项目本身而获益。 这些项目对于中国的BIM意味着什么？ 中国有庞大的建筑产业，尽管最近12个月以来中国经济有明显的波动，但据在2015年早些时候的估值依旧有2万亿美元。 视频中所展示的这种尺度的项目将更广泛的影响在中国各地推进BIM的力度。中国中央政府被BIM所展现的高效所吸引。他们已经见证了来自英国，美国与其他国家的诸多案例，并且已由此受益。 “这种尺度的项目将更广泛的影响在中国各地推进BIM的力度” 虽然像许多政府一样，但他们是鼓励而非强制推行BIM。像中国这样拥有众多省份的国家，很多地方政府已经分别制定了不同于邻近省份但又适合自己的BIM标准与要求。 另一方面，如何将BIM应用落地的挑战又几乎是纯粹的文化意义的（中国特色）。中国的产业对于交付的资金成本非常敏感，前期又不愿意BIM所需要的软件投资，更为复杂的是，中国的设计师的报酬通常是由他们所绘制的图纸数量来决定的，创建一个建筑信息模型的想法让他们心生恐惧。 “如何将BIM应用落地的挑战又几乎是纯粹的文化意义的” 尽管面临上述困难（我们相信对于其他市场的观察者来说这些听起来非常的熟悉），但中国正对BIM抱有高度的热情，总的趋势是采用BIM并且发展速度会远快于英国所经历的那样。根据最新的道奇数据与分析报告，使用BIM的中国建筑师将在在未来两年内将增幅89%，而承包商将增幅108%。 |
